The roles and responsibilities of the APRN when prescribing medication

Full Answer Section

     

• Problem List and Goals: Based on the diagnosis, a problem list is created, and treatment goals are established collaboratively with the patient.
• Medication Selection: Considering the patient's medical history, allergies, current medications, and potential interactions, the APRN selects the most appropriate medication for the diagnosed condition. This often involves consulting medication references and evidence-based guidelines.
• Dosage and Administration: The APRN determines the appropriate dosage regimen, frequency of administration, and route of administration (e.g., oral, intravenous) for the chosen medication.

Patient Education and Teaching: Once a medication is prescribed, the APRN has a crucial responsibility to educate the patient:

• Medication Information: The APRN explains the medication's purpose, expected effects, and potential side effects.
• Dosage and Administration Instructions: They provide clear instructions on dosage amounts, frequency, and proper administration techniques.
• Potential Interactions: The APRN informs the patient about potential interactions with other medications or supplements the patient might be taking.
• Storage and Disposal: They advise on proper storage and disposal methods for the medication to ensure safety and effectiveness.
• Addressing Concerns: The APRN encourages the patient to ask questions and clarifies any concerns they might have regarding the medication.

Schedule Drugs and Prescribing Restrictions: The United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) classifies controlled substances (drugs with potential for abuse) into five schedules based on their potential for abuse and accepted medical use. Each schedule has specific regulations for prescribing:

• Schedule II: These drugs have a high potential for abuse and severe dependence (e.g., oxycodone, morphine). APRNs with a DEA license can prescribe them with written prescriptions for a limited duration.
• Schedule III: Drugs in this category have a moderate to high potential for abuse (e.g., codeine, Suboxone). APRNs can prescribe them with written prescriptions, but refills might require specific authorization.
• Schedule IV: These drugs have a low potential for abuse (e.g., Xanax, Ativan). APRNs can prescribe them with written prescriptions or phone calls in some cases.
• Schedule V: These medications have the lowest potential for abuse (e.g., cough syrups with small amounts of codeine). APRNs can prescribe them with written or verbal prescriptions depending on state regulations.

Conclusion: APRNs play a vital role in medication management, ensuring safe and effective treatment for patients. By following a systematic approach to drug selection, educating patients thoroughly, and adhering to controlled substance regulations, APRNs contribute significantly to positive patient outcomes.  

Sample Answer

   

Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) play a crucial role in the healthcare system, and one of their key responsibilities is medication prescription. However, this responsibility comes with a set of guidelines and considerations. Let's delve into the various aspects of an APRN's role in medication prescribing:

Determining Drug Therapy:

APRNs follow a systematic approach when deciding on the most suitable medication for a patient:

• Diagnosis: They begin by establishing a thorough diagnosis through patient history, physical examination, and potentially diagnostic tests.