The elements of a PICO(T) question


From the scenarios listed below identify the elements of a PICO(T) question and then develop the PICO(T) question. Complete the worksheet and submit under Module 2 assignment.
Scenario 1
A staff nurse on a step-down unit for cardiac surgery patients conducts monthly pain management interviews to determine how to improve patient outcomes. One month, contrary to previous reports, almost half of the patients recalled more pain immediately after surgery AND could recall their extubation experience. In seeking answers to this change in patients’ pain experiences, the nurses learned that, without prior interdisciplinary dialogue, the anesthesiologists, in an attempt to reduce the length of postoperative intubation, had changed their intraoperative and postoperative pain management protocol from fentanyl to morphine.
P
I
C
O
T
PICO(T) Question 1:
Scenario 2
Your patient is a 50-year-old woman who is experiencing moderate depression. After doing some research on the internet, she comes to your office and says that she believes that St. John’s Wort (hypericum) is more effective for her symptoms of depression with less risk than conventional antidepressant medications. You would like to find some evidence to guide your advice to this patient.
P
I
C
O
T
PICO(T) Question 2:
Scenario 3
Your mother is a 72-year-old woman with osteoarthritis of the knees and moderate hypertension. You accompany her to her physician’s visit and request a prescription for one of the new COX-2 inhibitors. You have heard that they cause less GI bleeding than the NSAIDS she has been taking. Your mother is concerned that the new drugs will mean more out-of-pocket costs each month. You want to find the evidence to convince her of the correct drug to use.
P
I
C
O
T
PICO(T) Question 3: