C.B. is a student nurse practitioner completing her practicum in an office practice She assists the community with blood pressure and immunization clinics. The primary roles in this setting are education and health prevention.
C.B. has completed a population assessment and determined that the community is lacking in organized physical activities. The community that she is working in has a diverse age group between 56 and 87 years of age, with the majority of the residents being between 70 and 74 years of age. The members of the community are active in the health screenings and clinics and enjoy including the nursing staff in their activities.
Case questions: What are the recommendations according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for older adults regarding the type, quantity, and quality of exercise per week?
Once you receive your case number; answer the specific question on the table above. Then, continue to discuss the 3 topics listed below for your case:
Define and describe the primary goals of screening.
Discuss your thoughts on the relationship between economics and nutrition. How would you advise people of low socioeconomic status to eat healthy on a budget? How would you respond to patients whose financial restraints limit their access to food?
Identify potential barriers to patient teaching and how you would address these barriers.
Full Answer Section
- Balance Exercises: Include activities that improve balance and coordination such as tai chi or standing on one leg.
Additional Considerations for C.B.'s Community:
- Given the age range (56-87 years old), it's important to consider individual capabilities and limitations. Start with low-impact activities and gradually increase intensity as tolerated.
- Focus on exercises that promote functional fitness and help maintain daily activities.
- Encourage social interaction by incorporating group exercise classes or walking groups.
Addressing the Case Topics:
1. Primary Goals of Screening
- Early detection of diseases: Screenings aim to identify risk factors or pre-disease states before symptoms appear. This allows for early intervention and treatment, potentially improving outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
- Prevention of disease: Screenings can identify individuals who might benefit from preventive measures like vaccinations, lifestyle modifications, or medications to reduce the risk of developing certain diseases.
- Promoting healthy behaviors: The screening process can be an opportunity to educate individuals about risk factors and healthy behaviors, empowering them to take charge of their health.
2. Economics and Nutrition:
Economics and nutrition are intricately linked. Healthy food choices are often more expensive than processed or fast foods. Here are some tips for healthy eating on a budget:
- Planning and Budgeting: Plan meals and create a grocery list to avoid impulse purchases. Utilize budget-friendly staples like beans, lentils, whole grains, and seasonal fruits and vegetables.
- Buy in Bulk (when possible): Purchasing certain staples in bulk can be cost-effective, but ensure proper storage to prevent spoilage.
- Utilize Coupons and Sales: Look for deals and discounts on healthy foods, and explore farmers' markets for fresh produce at lower prices.
- Prepare Meals at Home: Cooking at home is generally cheaper than eating out. Explore budget-friendly recipes and involve family or friends in meal preparation.
- Reduce Food Waste: Plan meals to minimize waste and utilize leftovers creatively.
Responding to Patients with Financial Limitations:
- Acknowledge and empathize with the patient's financial situation.
- Explore resources available in the community, such as food banks, discount grocery stores, or nutrition assistance programs.
- Provide education on affordable and healthy food options. Focus on maximizing nutrition with limited resources.
- Encourage participation in community gardens or urban farming initiatives (if available).
3. Barriers to Patient Teaching and Addressing Them:
Several factors can hinder patient education:
- Limited health literacy: Patients may not understand medical terminology or instructions. Use clear, concise language and provide written materials in appropriate language levels.
- Cultural beliefs and practices: Cultural beliefs may influence dietary habits or healthcare practices. Tailor education to be culturally sensitive and respectful.
- Sensory limitations: Hearing or vision impairments can impede communication. Utilize alternative methods like pictures, large font size, or assistive listening devices.
- Learning styles: People learn differently. Use a variety of teaching methods, such as demonstrations, handouts, or role-playing, to cater to different learning styles.
- Motivational factors: Address patients' concerns and motivations to encourage behavior change.