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Security Requirements for Emergency Services:

Consider you are a user or service provider (local emergency medical, first, or law
enforcement agencies). Use your own words and give at least TWO examples given the
confidentiality, integrity, and availability requirements associated with the system. Which
one is a more important security requirement compared to the others?
a. Confidentiality
2
b. Integrity
c. Availability
d. Which one is more important, or which one is less important? Explain why.
e. (5 bonus points) If possible, list three research/open questions related to NG911
by doing some research.

Sample Answer

As a user of emergency services, the balance between confidentiality, integrity, and availability is critical. Each component plays a vital role in ensuring timely and effective response during emergencies. However, their relative importance can vary depending on the specific situation.

Examples:

Confidentiality:
- A domestic violence victim calls for help, fearing reprisals from their abuser. Confidentiality protects their identity and ensures their safety.
- A witness reports a crime and wants anonymity. Protecting their confidentiality empowers them to come forward without fear.

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Integrity:
- A caller reports a fire, providing crucial information about location, severity, and potential hazards. Data integrity ensures accurate information reaches responders, guiding their intervention.
- A medical professional transmits vital signs and patient information. Maintaining data integrity avoids misdiagnosis and ensures appropriate treatment.
Availability:
- A system outage occurs during a large-scale disaster, hindering emergency response coordination and communication. Availability ensures responders can access information and communicate effectively amidst chaos.
- A cyberattack disrupts the dispatch system, delaying response times and potentially endangering lives. Maintaining availability enables efficient emergency response even under pressure.

Prioritization based on context:

It’s impossible to label one factor universally more important than the others. In certain scenarios, one might outweigh the others:

High Confidentiality: Situations like domestic violence or witness reports prioritize confidentiality to encourage trust and cooperation.
High Integrity: Medical emergencies prioritize data integrity to guide accurate diagnoses and treatments.
High Availability: Disaster situations prioritize availability to maintain communication and response coordination.

Ultimately, balanced implementation is key. Strong encryption safeguards confidentiality, robust authentication guarantees data integrity, and redundant systems ensure consistent availability.

Bonus: NG911 Research Questions:

Impact of advanced technologies: How can integrating technologies like video calls and location tracking into NG911 enhance emergency response while addressing privacy concerns?
Cybersecurity vulnerabilities: How can NG911 systems be strengthened against cyberattacks to prevent disruptions and data breaches?
Accessibility and equity: How can NG911 services be made more accessible to individuals with disabilities or language barriers, ensuring equitable emergency response?

Remember, these are just a few examples, and further research can reveal various open questions and ongoing developments in this crucial field.

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