Full Answer Section

1. Data Encryption:

   • At Rest: Encrypt sensitive data at rest within the database itself using strong encryption algorithms. This ensures even if someone gains access to the database, the data itself remains unreadable.
   • In Transit: Implement encryption for data in transit, especially when transferred over networks. This protects sensitive information from interception during communication.

2. Data Masking and Minimization:

   • Data Masking: Consider masking sensitive data displayed to users based on their needs. For example, only show the last four digits of a Social Security number for verification purposes.
   • Data Minimization: Only store the absolute minimum amount of sensitive data necessary. This reduces the potential impact if a breach occurs.

3. Auditing and Logging:

   • Detailed Logging: Implement comprehensive logging to track all user access attempts, data modifications, and suspicious activity. This allows for easier detection of unauthorized access or potential security incidents.
   • Regular Log Review: Conduct regular log reviews to identify any anomalies or potential security breaches.

4. Security Awareness and Training:

   • Employee Education: Train employees on security best practices, including password hygiene, phishing awareness, and the importance of reporting suspicious activity.
   • Regular Updates: Provide ongoing security awareness training to keep employees updated on emerging threats and best practices for protecting sensitive data.

By addressing these five crucial issues, you can establish a robust security policy that significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access, data breaches, and misuse of sensitive information within your database.