Russian history

  1. Why many Russian dates are given in alternative forms?

Ex.:Ivan the Terrible (25 August 1530 – 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1584)

Peter the Great (9 June [O.S. 30 May] 1672 – 8 February [O.S. 28 January] 1725)

Leo Tolstoy (9 September [O.S. 28 August] 1828 – 20 November [O.S. 7 November] 1910)

“October” Revolution – 7 November 1917 [O.S. 25 October]

Explain the differences (explain briefly, in about 100 and no more than 200 words).