Read Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 to answer
There are five (5) questions, and they are related to the same research problem. You are strongly encouraged to use YOUR OWN research problem (proposal) to answer these questions. However, if you feel your own research problem needs further development or may not be suitable, you can also create a new research problem to be used in to answer these questions (in this case you are not allowed to use any example from the PPT or the textbook – it has to be your original idea). No matter what research problem you use, note that I it will be graded only based on the information/answers you provide in this assignment. In other words, I will not refer to your Chapter 1 or any other sources for additional information when grading.
Read all the questions carefully before you start to get a full picture of these questions. No need to write long answers - just provide correct, clear, and concise answers to each question. Your answers must demonstrate sufficient understanding of the knowledge and application in order to gain points
Question 1
For Question 1, you are strongly encouraged to use your own research problem (proposal). You can, however, develop a new one if you feel your own research problem may not be suitable.
1.1. Clearly state the research problem and null/alternative hypothesis. (If you use your own research which states multiple hypotheses, choose only one. The research problem and hypothesis statements must match).
1.2. Theory is important for quantitative research. Explain why. In general terms, discuss the differences and relations between theory and hypothesis.
1.3. Deductive and inductive reasonings are two approaches in conducting research. What are the differences between the two? Which reasoning approach will you choose for the research problem in Question 1.1., and why? Briefly describe the process of this reasoning approach if you conduct research on your research problem in Question1.1.
Question 2
Question 2 is about Literature Review and APA
2.1. in general terms, compare primary source and secondary source. Provide two primary sources and two secondary sources that you will use for the research problem in Question 1.1.. (you can simply state sources such as magazine, newspaper etc. and explain why they are primary or secondary). Which type of source (primary or secondary) should you mainly rely on in your literature review chapter, why?
2.2 Write a paragraph (or two) of literature review (about 300 words) on your research problem in Question 1.1., following the APA rules. The purpose of Question 2.2 is not to evaluate the quality of your literature review. Rather, the purpose is to evaluate your APA. Title and subtitle are not required. This literature review must contain:
• One regular direct quotation and one block direct quotation
• Two (2) narrative citations and Two (2) parenthetical citations
• A reference list that contains at least four (4) references (three (3) of them must be peer-reviewed)
An easy way to answer this question is to think of what subsections you will come up for the research problem, and choose one to review the literature and write a paragraph or two on that. If you use your own research problem, you should already have some literature which can be readily used for this writing. Again, Question 2.2 does not intent to assess how well you develop a literature section. The purpose is to assess if you can use APA correctly.
Question 3
Question 3 is about Variables
3.1. What are the variables in your research problem (Question 1.1)? Will you manipulate your variable(s)? Explain. Is there a construct in your research problem? Explain. If there is a construct, how do you operationalize the construct? If not, then explain how you will measure the variables in your research problem.
3.2. Describe the variables in Question 1.1 in terms of quantitative/qualitative, continuous/discrete, and scales of measurement.
Question 4.
Question 4 is about Research Designs.
4.1. Briefly describe experimental designs, non-experimental designs, and quasi-experimental designs. Which one will you choose for your research problem (Question 1.1)? Why?
4.2. Using the same DV in Question 1.1, show three different designs (in this case, DV is the same, but IV is different depending on your design choice). Show three research problems for your designs (you already have one in Question 1.1, and you will need to develop the other two depending on your design choice). Use the following tools to visualize your experimental design, quasi-experimental design, and non-experimental design.
4.3. Clearly explain why the three designs in 4.2 are experimental, non-experimental, and quasi-experimental designs. Be specific.
4.4. What could be the confounding variables in the experimental design in 4.2. (identify at least two - one for individual differences and one for a different type of confounding variable)? Describe these confounding variables and in what ways they may confound your study results?
Question 5.
Question 5 is about Research Ethics.
5.1. Discuss the ethical considerations of your three designs in Question 4. Which design would bring up the most ethical considerations, why?
5.2. Suppose you are applying for IRB approval for the experimental design in Question 4. In the IRB application, you write a short paragraph (100 words minimal) to explain what measures you will take to address the possible ethical concerns in the experimental design. Show this paragraph.