Reflexive Or Respondent Behaviors

Consider your own reflexive or respondent behaviors that occur as a result of a previous stimulus-stimulus pairing in your environment. Using the respondent conditioning "equation" to guide your organization, identify the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response.

Next, identify the neutral stimulus, and discuss the event(s) that contributed to the formation of the conditioned stimulus eliciting the conditioned response. How does this respondent behavior impact you in your environment? If this behavior impacts you in a negative way, describe the process you could use to extinguish the stimulus-stimulus pairing that elicits your conditioned response. If this behavior impacts you in a positive way, describe the process you could use to elicit the same response under the control of other stimuli.

Full Answer Section

   

After that, I started to associate the sound of barking with fear. Whenever I heard a dog barking, I would start to feel scared.

One day, I was walking home from school when I saw a man wearing a hoodie. He was walking towards me, and he was carrying a bag. I started to feel scared, and I thought that he was going to attack me.

I ran away, and I didn't stop running until I was safe at home.

How this respondent behavior impacts me in my environment:

Now, whenever I see a man wearing a hoodie, I start to feel scared. I avoid eye contact with them, and I try to walk away as quickly as possible.

This respondent behavior can be inconvenient and embarrassing. It can also be dangerous, if I am in a situation where I need to interact with a man wearing a hoodie.

If this behavior impacts me in a negative way, describe the process I could use to extinguish the stimulus-stimulus pairing that elicits my conditioned response:

One way to extinguish the stimulus-stimulus pairing that elicits my conditioned response is to repeatedly expose myself to the neutral stimulus (the sight of a man wearing a hoodie) without the unconditioned stimulus (the sound of barking).

This is called counterconditioning.

In order to countercondition my fear of men wearing hoodies, I would need to repeatedly expose myself to the sight of men wearing hoodies in a safe and controlled environment.

For example, I could start by looking at pictures of men wearing hoodies. Then, I could gradually increase the amount of exposure I have to men wearing hoodies, until I am able to see them in person without feeling any fear.

If this behavior impacts me in a positive way, describe the process I could use to elicit the same response under the control of other stimuli:

If I wanted to elicit the same response (fear) under the control of other stimuli, I could use a process called operant conditioning.

In operant conditioning, a behavior is rewarded or punished in order to increase or decrease its frequency.

In this case, I could reward myself with something I enjoy (such as a piece of candy or a pat on the back) whenever I see a man wearing a hoodie without feeling any fear.

Over time, this would increase the likelihood that I would feel fear when I see a man wearing a hoodie, even if there is no sound of barking present.

Sample Answer

   

Unconditioned Stimulus: The sound of a dog barking.

Unconditioned Response: Fear.

Neutral Stimulus: The sight of a man wearing a hoodie.

Event(s) that contributed to the formation of the conditioned stimulus eliciting the conditioned response:

When I was a child, I was once attacked by a dog. The dog was barking and growling, and it bit me on the arm. I was very scared, and I ran away.