Full Answer Section

• Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs):

LPNs provide basic nursing care under the supervision of registered nurses. Their scope of practice typically includes activities such as vital sign monitoring, medication administration, and patient observation. LPNs focus on carrying out planned nursing interventions and collecting data.

• Registered Nurses (RNs): RNs possess a broader scope of practice, encompassing patient assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. They coordinate care, collaborate with other healthcare providers, and are responsible for managing patient care. RNs have a more independent role in decision-making compared to LPNs.

• Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs): APRNs have the highest level of education and autonomy. Their scope of practice includes advanced assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of patients. They may prescribe medications, order diagnostic tests, and perform procedures. APRNs often specialize in specific areas of care, such as family nurse practitioners or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners.

The Future of Nursing 2020-2030 report emphasizes the importance of differentiated practice, which involves matching the complexity of patient care needs with the appropriate level of nursing expertise. This approach recognizes the unique roles and competencies of each nursing level and promotes optimal patient outcomes.

Standard 12: Education and Professional Development

Standard 12 of the Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice emphasizes the nurse’s responsibility for lifelong learning and education. Professional development is integral to maintaining competence and advancing nursing practice. By engaging in ongoing learning, nurses can acquire new knowledge and skills, stay abreast of evidence-based practices, and improve patient care outcomes.

Lifelong learning in the context of Standard 12 includes:

• Continuing education: Participating in formal educational programs to maintain licensure and enhance knowledge.
• Self-directed learning: Actively seeking out new information and skills through reading, research, and online resources.
• Mentorship and coaching: Learning from experienced colleagues and seeking guidance on professional development.
• Formal education: Pursuing advanced degrees or certifications to expand expertise.

By prioritizing professional development, nurses demonstrate a commitment to excellence and contribute to the advancement of the nursing profession.

References:

American Nurses Association (ANA). (2023). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (4th ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Author.

Institute of Medicine. (2010). The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press