One World, Many Cultures

One World, Many Cultures, 3.2 (Ung, "Double Happiness"), 6.6 (Natadecha-Sponsel, "Indiviualism as.an American Cultural Value"), 7.5 (Pham, "Foreign-Asians), 8.5 (Yang, "Walking Back Alone") and other readings from Blackboard

Natadecha-Sponsel talks about, in "Individualism as an American Cultural Value," the role of communalism (e.g. focus on the group/community) as opposed to individualism. What do you see as the role of these two values in East Asia? And how do they compare to at least one of the other societies that we've talked about?

Full Answer Section

    Another factor that contributes to the communal nature of East Asian cultures is the importance of social harmony. East Asian cultures tend to value social harmony and cooperation over competition and conflict. This emphasis on social harmony can lead to a more collectivist mindset, where people are more likely to consider the needs of the group when making decisions. The communal nature of East Asian cultures can be seen in a number of areas, including:
  • Education: In East Asian cultures, education is often seen as a collective endeavor. Students are encouraged to work together and help each other succeed.
  • Business: East Asian businesses are often more likely to focus on the long-term success of the company over the short-term profits of individual shareholders.
  • Government: East Asian governments are often more likely to intervene in the economy and provide social welfare programs than governments in individualistic cultures.
Comparison to Other Societies One society that is often compared to East Asia in terms of its values is the United States. The United States is often characterized as being a very individualistic society. This means that people in the United States tend to place a greater emphasis on their own personal goals and aspirations than on the needs of the group. There are a number of factors that contribute to the individualistic nature of American culture. One factor is the emphasis on individual freedom and liberty in American culture. Americans are often taught that they can achieve anything they set their minds to, regardless of their background or circumstances. This emphasis on individual achievement can lead to a more competitive mindset, where people are more likely to focus on their own goals and aspirations. Another factor that contributes to the individualistic nature of American culture is the Protestant work ethic. The Protestant work ethic is a set of beliefs that values hard work, individual achievement, and material success. This emphasis on hard work and material success can lead to a more individualistic mindset, where people are more likely to focus on their own goals and aspirations. The individualistic nature of American culture can be seen in a number of areas, including:
  • Education: In the United States, education is often seen as a means for individual advancement. Students are encouraged to compete with each other and to achieve high grades.
  • Business: American businesses are often more likely to focus on short-term profits and individual shareholder value than on the long-term success of the company.
  • Government: The US government is often more likely to promote free markets and limited government intervention in the economy than governments in collectivist cultures.
Conclusion East Asian cultures are often characterized as being more communal than individualistic, while American culture is often characterized as being more individualistic. These different values can have a significant impact on a variety of areas, including education, business, and government. It is important to note that there is a great deal of variation within both East Asian and American cultures. There are many East Asians who are individualistic, and there are many Americans who are communal. However, the general trend is that East Asian cultures tend to be more communal than individualistic, while American culture tends to be more individualistic.  

Sample Answer

   

East Asian cultures are often characterized as being more communal than individualistic. This means that people in East Asian cultures tend to place a greater emphasis on the needs of the group over the needs of the individual. This is in contrast to individualistic cultures, such as the United States, where people tend to place a greater emphasis on their own personal goals and aspirations.

There are a number of factors that contribute to the communal nature of East Asian cultures. One factor is the importance of family in East Asian societies. Families in East Asia are often very close-knit, and members of the family are expected to support each other both emotionally and financially. This emphasis on family ties can lead to a strong sense of community and interdependence.