Morony final bb

What were the most important historical consequences (up to the
thirteenth century C. E. ) of the fact that Islam was already politicized
during the lifetime of Muḥammad?
How would you explain the emergence of sectarian divisions within the
Islamic community, and what were the most important social and political consequences up to the thirteenth
century?
Part II. Answer one of the following questions (5 pages maximum)
How did the main political, military, economic, social, and religious institutions associated with later Islamic
civilization develop and spread geographically from the tenth to the thirteenth century C.E.?
How did the nature of political legitimacy among Muslims change from the tenth century C.E. onward?
What were the most important factors contributing to the formation of a society composed of associative
groups in western Asia and North Africa from the tenth century C.E. onward?