Mood disorder and Suicide

Full Answer Section

Suicide:

• Definition: Suicide is the intentional act of taking one's own life. It is a complex public health issue with multifaceted causes, including mental health disorders, substance abuse, social isolation, and exposure to violence. (World Health Organization, 2023)  

3. Anxiety Disorders:

• Definition: Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by excessive and persistent fear, worry, and anxiety. These disorders can manifest in various ways, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)  

4. Depressive Disorders:

• Definition: Depressive disorders, also known as mood disorders, are characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, or loss of interest. These disorders can significantly interfere with daily life, including work, school, and social activities. Major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder are two common types of depressive disorders. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)  

5. Bipolar Disorder:

• Definition: Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience episodes of mania, characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and racing thoughts, alternating with periods of depression. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)  

6. Biological Theory:

• Definition: Biological theories of mental illness emphasize the role of biological factors, such as genetics, neurotransmitters, and brain structure, in the development and progression of mental disorders. These theories suggest that imbalances in brain chemistry, genetic predispositions, and other biological factors can contribute to the development of mental health conditions. (Halbreich, 2018)

7. Supernatural Theory:

• Definition: Supernatural theories of mental illness attribute mental disorders to supernatural forces, such as possession by demons, curses, or divine punishment. These theories were prevalent in earlier times and often involved religious or spiritual explanations for mental health problems. (Halbreich, 2018)  

8. Psychological Theory:

• Definition: Psychological theories focus on the role of psychological factors, such as early childhood experiences, trauma, and cognitive distortions, in the development and maintenance of mental disorders. These theories emphasize the impact of individual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors on mental health. (Halbreich, 2018)

9. Sociocultural Theory:

• Definition: Sociocultural theories emphasize the role of social and cultural factors, such as poverty, discrimination, and social isolation, in the development and manifestation of mental illness. These theories highlight the impact of societal stressors and cultural beliefs on mental health outcomes. (Halbreich, 2018)  

10. DSM-5-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision):

• Definition: The DSM-5-TR is the most widely used diagnostic manual for mental disorders. It provides a standardized system for diagnosing mental health conditions based on a set of criteria. The DSM-5-TR is used by mental health professionals to diagnose, treat, and communicate about mental disorders. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)  

11. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD):

• Definition: OCD is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Obsessions can include intrusive thoughts, images, or urges, while compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that individuals feel driven to perform to reduce anxiety or prevent feared outcomes. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)  

12. Personality Disorders:

• Definition: Personality disorders are characterized by enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that deviate significantly from cultural norms and expectations. These patterns of behavior can cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Examples of personality disorders include borderline personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)  

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5-TR). American Psychiatric Association.

Halbreich, U. (2018). Biological, psychological, and sociocultural perspectives on mental disorders. In S. S. Rao & S. A. Mallick (Eds.), Textbook of psychiatry (pp. 1-16). Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

Sample Answer

This is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional.

1. Mood Disorders:

• Definition: Mood disorders are characterized by persistent or episodic disturbances in emotional state, affecting an individual's thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and overall well-being. These disorders encompass a range of conditions, from mild to severe, and can significantly impact an individual's daily life, relationships, and overall quality of life. (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)