Formative assessments are used by teachers throughout the school year to collect performance data on students for a variety of reasons. There are many different ways to perform these formative assessments. Observing young students at play is one such assessment that can yield a wealth of information.
Part 1: Graphic Organizer
After researching different types of observation methods, complete the “Methods of Observation Graphic Organizer” by describing the methods and the environment in which they are used. You may use a variety of resources for your information (research articles, teacher or school websites, etc.).
Support your findings with 3-5 scholarly resources.
Part 2: Scenario and Reflection
Respond to the scenario:
You are planning to observe one of your preschool students, Jamie, during free play to see if he is in need of services to assist him with gross motor development. Which observation method would work best for you - anecdotal records, running records, checklists, rating scales, event sampling, or time sampling?
In a 250-500 reflection, discuss which observation method you would use to observe this student and why you feel it would be most appropriate. Describe the importance of conducting ongoing formative child, family, and setting assessments to monitor progress and instructional effectiveness and student progress.
Full Answer Section
- Rating scales: These are scales that you use to rate a child's performance on a particular skill or behavior.
- Event sampling: This involves recording the occurrence of a specific behavior over a period of time. For example, you might record every time Jamie climbs up the playground equipment.
- Time sampling: This involves recording the occurrence of a specific behavior at predetermined intervals. For example, you might record every 30 seconds whether Jamie is standing or sitting.
Of these methods, I would use running records to observe Jamie. Running records are the most detailed and informative type of observation method, and they would allow me to get a good understanding of his gross motor skills. I would record his movements, his coordination, and his balance. I would also note any challenges he seemed to be having.
In addition to conducting ongoing formative assessments of Jamie's gross motor development, it is also important to conduct ongoing formative assessments of his family and setting. This will help me to identify any factors that may be contributing to his challenges, and to develop interventions that are most likely to be successful.
Here are some of the reasons why it is important to conduct ongoing formative assessments:
- To monitor progress and identify areas of need.
- To ensure that instruction is effective.
- To make adjustments to instruction as needed.
- To provide timely intervention.
- To document student progress.
- To communicate with families.
Formative assessments can be conducted in a variety of ways, including:
- Observations
- Interviews
- Checklists
- Rating scales
- Tests
The specific method of assessment that you choose will depend on the purpose of the assessment and the age and developmental level of the child.