Measures of Association

The Excel notebook (“Exercise3.xls”), has a worksheet labeled as “Cohort Study”.

For the cohort study, I have given a hypothetical data table to evaluate the association, if any, between smoking and pneumonia among a cohort of subjects. Use the formulas given in the “Cohort Studies” module to calculate…

(1) – incidence among the “exposed” [those who smoked]; 

(2) – incidence among the “unexposed” [those who did not smoke]; 

(3) – relative risk (RR) of pneumonia among those who smoked, 

versus those who did not;

(4) – attributable risk; 

(5) – attributable fraction (AR%); and 

(6) – Population Attributable Risk (PAR%).