Indigenous and local communities to the development of these ‘National Parks’.

The guiding questions for this week include the following:
1)The development of national parks or conservation areas within other countries follows a pattern that parallels the early development of the US National Park system. What are the similarities? Be specific, including citing specific case studies, and reference the Greider and Garkovitch article where it supports Neumann’s argument.
2)While other countries have adopted the general model of the US National Park system, they have often gone further and we see the implementation of what is referred to as ‘fortress conservation’ (Neumann, p. 181). What is fortress conservation and why has it led to controversy and resistance by Indigenous and other communities located in areas where these parks and conservation areas are established? Cite specific examples from the Neumann text to support your observation.
3)Finally, in your view, what do you see are the benefits and detriments of using the US National Park system as a template for conservation in other countries?