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Health Promotion: Prevention of Disease

CASE STUDY: Albert
Albert Mitchell is a 36-year-old man who will be traveling to Dubai to give a business
presentation in 3 months. Although he has traveled widely in the United States as a consultant,
this is his first trip to the Middle East.
He requests information regarding immunizations needed before his trip. Albert states that as
he will be in Dubai for only a few days, he is unlikely to contract a disease in such a short time
and therefore believes that it is illogical to obtain immunizations.
Albert states that he has heard that the side effects of the immunizations might be worse than
the diseases they prevent. He is also concerned about leaving his wife at home alone because
she is 6 months pregnant.
Reflective Questions
How would you address Albert’s beliefs?
What learning would be needed in each domain?
What learning theories would you consider?
How might his family concerns be addressed?

Full Answer Section

Addressing Side Effect Concerns:

Mild and Temporary: Most immunization side effects are mild (soreness, redness) and temporary, lasting a few days. The benefits of protection far outweigh the minimal risks.
Pre-travel Consultation: A healthcare professional can assess Albert's health and recommend the most appropriate vaccinations with minimal side effects.

Family Considerations:

Protecting His Family: Certain diseases like Hepatitis A are contagious. By getting immunized, Albert protects himself and prevents the risk of unintentionally transmitting the disease to his pregnant wife upon his return.
Peace of Mind: Knowing he is vaccinated can alleviate his anxiety about leaving his wife alone while pregnant.

Learning Domains:

Cognitive: Albert needs to understand the risks of vaccine-preventable diseases and the benefits of immunization.
Psychomotor: He might benefit from educational materials or videos demonstrating the simple process of getting vaccinated.
Affective: Addressing his emotional concerns about side effects and his family's well-being can help alleviate anxieties.

Learning Theories:

Adult Learning Theory: Focus on the practicality and benefits of immunization relevant to his situation (protecting himself and his family).
Risk Reduction Theory: Highlight the potential consequences of skipping immunizations and the low risk of side effects.

Addressing Family Concerns:

Reassurance: Reassure Albert that most immunizations are safe for pregnant women if necessary (e.g., Tdap for whooping cough protection for the newborn).
Prenatal Care Provider: Encourage him to discuss his travel plans and immunization concerns with his wife's prenatal care provider for personalized advice.

By addressing these points and tailoring the information to his specific needs and concerns, Albert can make an informed decision about travel immunizations, prioritizing his health and the well-being of his family.

Sample Answer

Albert has several misconceptions about travel immunizations. Here's how to address them:

Importance of Immunizations:

Disease Risk: While his stay might be brief, diseases can be contracted even with short exposure. Dubai is a travel hub, and potential exposure to infected individuals is higher in such settings.
Seriousness of Diseases: Some diseases prevalent in the Middle East, like Hepatitis A or Meningococcal Meningitis, can be severe and life-threatening.
Long-Term Protection: Immunizations offer long-term protection against preventable diseases, benefiting not only Albert but also his family upon his return.