Fox and Raichle’s (1985) seminal

Question 1
The suggestion that cerebral blood flow can be controlled intrinsically, namely independently from changes in cardiac
output, was questioned in the late XIX century. Which objection was raised against this hypothesis?
There was no evidence for intrinsic mechanisms for vascular control anywhere else in the body.
The brain was thought to reside in an unyielding enclosure, which could not accommodate local changes
in blood volume.
The available evidence was tainted by the use of anaesthetised animals. Blood flow changes in the brain could only be evoked using emotional stimuli.
All of the above.
Question 2
The basic finding in Fox and Raichle’s (1985) seminal paper concerns the relation between glucose and oxygen
metabolism during neural activations. Which of the following statements best characterises that relation?
Glucose and oxygen metabolism are strictly coupled. Oxygen consumption increases more than glucose consumption. Oxygen consumption increases without any change in glucose metabolism.
Oxygen consumption increases less than glucose consumption.
Oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery increase proportionally, while glucose consumption and
glucose delivery are dissociated.
Question 3
Sokolov used marked 2-deoxyglucose for his autoradiographic studies, in which he identified the functional anatomy
of visual cortex. Which statement about 2-deoxyglucose is correct?
2-deoxyglucose is metabolized just as glucose is. -deoxyglucose is not metabolized to lactate and pyruvate.
13/01/2022 Feedback
https://blackboard.bangor.ac.uk/ultra/courses/_118086_1/outline/assessment/_3723689_1/overview/attempt/_2578022_1/review/inline-feedback?attemptId=_257802… 2/17 2-deoxyglucose can be imaged in vivo using two-photon microscopy.
2-deoxyglucose is not used in human studies, because it is toxic. 2-deoxyglucose is a marker of cerebral blood flow
Question 4
Simultaneous recordings of BOLD and electrical neural activity in anesthetized monkeys by Logothetis’s group
showed that:
Greater correlation between Multi-Unit-Activity (MUA) and evoked BOLD than Local Field Potentials (LFP)
and BOLD.
No correlation between spontaneous BOLD and electrophysiological signals.
Visually evoked BOLD responses are best explained by amplitude modulations in the gamma frequency
band, i.e. frequencies between 40Hz and 120Hz, than lower frequency bands.
Visually evoked neural activity is sustained across all frequency bands. Positive correlations between alpha and gamma bands of the visually evoked response.
Question 5
How did Logothetis et al (2001) estimate the hemodynamic response function, in the visual cortex of anaesthetized
monkeys?
By cross-correlating spontaneous BOLD and Neural Activity fluctuations. By cross-correlating visually evoked BOLD and neural activity.
By comparing BOLD response evoked by visual stimuli of different durations. By comparing neural activity in the gamma band evoked by visual stimuli of different durations