Choose an environmental health issue or concern in our local community. Local communities can include specific towns/cities, Monroe County, or Florida. Provide an overview of the hazard, including its effect on people, the interventions that could or should take place, and the role that nurses should play in reducing or eliminating this hazard.
This year in Monroe County there were two Monroe County residents that contracted Dengue fever, this was confirmed by the Monroe County health officials. (Cooper 2024). Dengue fever is contracted from mosquitoes, it most commonly is found in tropical and subtropical areas. Mild dengue fever symptoms include flu like symptoms and a high fever. The more severe version of dengue fever is known as dengue hemorrhagic fever, this causes heavy bleeding and a rapid drop in blood pressure, this can cause shock or death to occur. (Normandin 2021). The best way to reduce this disease is to avoid getting bitten by mosquitos and help reduce the mosquito population. Nurses can have a large role with preventing this disease by educating the public, they can explain how serious this disease is, what the signs and symptoms are and the importance implementing prevention interventions. Some examples of prevention interventions can include using mosquito repellent, wearing long-sleeved shirts and wearing pants that cover your ankles. (Normandin 2021).
Full Answer Section
Interventions
To reduce the risk of dengue fever in Monroe County, several interventions are crucial:
- Mosquito Control: Implementing effective mosquito control measures, such as:
- Larval source reduction: Eliminating breeding grounds for mosquitoes, including stagnant water in containers, tires, and flowerpots.
- Adult mosquito control: Using insecticides and mechanical traps to reduce adult mosquito populations.
- Personal Protection: Educating the public about personal protective measures, including:
- Using mosquito repellent containing DEET or other effective ingredients.
- Wearing long-sleeved clothing and long pants.
- Staying indoors during peak mosquito activity hours (dawn and dusk).
- Early Diagnosis and Treatment: Promptly diagnosing and treating dengue fever cases can help prevent complications and reduce mortality rates.
Role of Nurses
Nurses play a vital role in addressing dengue fever in Monroe County:
- Public Education: Conducting educational campaigns to raise awareness about dengue fever, its symptoms, and prevention measures.
- Disease Surveillance: Monitoring for dengue cases and outbreaks to inform public health response efforts.
- Case Management: Providing care for individuals with dengue fever and ensuring timely referral for treatment.
- Community Outreach: Engaging with community members to promote mosquito control efforts and address health disparities.
- Research and Advocacy: Supporting research on dengue prevention and treatment, and advocating for policies that address the underlying social and environmental factors contributing to the disease.
By implementing these interventions and leveraging the expertise of nurses, Monroe County can effectively reduce the risk of dengue fever and protect the health of its residents.
Sample Answer
Overview of the Hazard
Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral illness, has emerged as a significant public health concern in Monroe County. While cases have been relatively low, the potential for outbreaks remains high, particularly given the county's tropical climate and proximity to areas with higher dengue prevalence.
Effects on People
Dengue fever can range from mild to severe. Mild cases often present with flu-like symptoms, including fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. However, in a small percentage of cases, dengue can develop into dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a more severe form characterized by high fever, bleeding, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. DHF can lead to shock and, in severe cases, death.