(a) Name of disease/disorder.
(b) Disease etiology (what is the origin or cause?), why is the disease/disorder communicable or noncommunicable in nature?
(c) Three credible sources from journal articles or book chapters for each disease/condition (a total of six credible sources). Include evidence behind what makes your disease/disorder either communicable or noncommunicable in nature, and why are they leading causes of death in 2019. Please review the UMGC resource "Is My Source Credible". Sources need to be credible in order to receive points.
(d) In 3-4 sentences for each source, explain the information you learned that supports your diseases/disorders are top public health threats. You will need to obtain disease/disorder information for your choices that specifically addresses why they are communicable or non-communicable in nature (include risk factors, symptoms, and physiological changes).
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Disease/disorder.
Full Answer Section
inactivity, and obesity. While genetics can play a role, heart disease is primarily a non-communicable disease.- c) Credible Sources:
- Roth, G. A., Huffman, M. D., & Ferguson, T. B. (2017). Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and stroke in 2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Circulation, 138(5), e15-e221. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032702
- Mendis, S., Puska, P., & World Health Organization. (2004). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control. World Health Organization.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, February 11). Heart disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/index.htm
- d) Source Explanation (Heart Disease):
- Roth et al. (2017): This comprehensive study by the Global Burden of Disease Study highlights heart disease as the leading cause of death globally in 2017. The analysis identifies modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, unhealthy diet, and smoking as significant contributors to the disease burden.
- Mendis & Puska (2004): This World Health Organization publication emphasizes the non-communicable nature of heart disease, highlighting risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity. It underscores the importance of public health interventions to address these factors.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2021): The CDC website provides a wealth of information on heart disease, including risk factors, symptoms, and prevention strategies. This resource reinforces the non-communicable nature of the disease and its association with lifestyle choices.
- a) Lower Respiratory Infections b) Disease Etiology: Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) encompass various infections affecting the lower respiratory tract, including pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis. These infections are primarily caused by viruses like influenza or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae. The close contact needed for transmission of these pathogens makes LRIs communicable diseases.
- c) Credible Sources:
- Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Foreman, K., Lim, S., Shibuya, K., Jayaraj, M., ... & Wang, H. (2012). Global and regional mortality from 20 causes of death, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 380(9859), 2095-2128. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61722-2
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, October 21). Lower respiratory infections (LRI). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from [invalid URL removed] respiratory-infections/lri/index.html
- d) Source Explanation (Lower Respiratory Infections):
- Lozano et al. (2012): This Global Burden of Disease Study analysis identifies LRIs as the fourth leading cause of death globally in 2010. The study emphasizes the infectious nature of LRIs, highlighting the role of pathogens like viruses and bacteria in their transmission.
- World Health Organization (WHO) (2021): The WHO website provides information on pneumonia, a major LRI. It details the causative agents, including viruses and bacteria, further solidifying the communicable nature of the disease.
- **Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2021
Sample Answer
This response explores two leading causes of death in 2019: Heart Disease and Lower Respiratory Infections.
a) Heart Disease b) Disease Etiology: Heart disease, also known as coronary heart disease (CHD), is a group of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. The primary cause of CHD is atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the arteries that reduces blood flow to the heart. This plaque formation is influenced by various risk factors, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, unhealthy diet, physical
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