Cross-cultural views of corruption

Read John Hooker's paper on cross-cultural views of corruption
Hooker, John. 2003. Cross-Cultural Views on Corruption
Then, please briefly answer the following questions:

1. How does Hooker’s definition of corruption seek to avoid ethnocentrism?
2. What does Hooker mean when he says Western businesses tend to be "universalist"?
3. In what way is the author’s view a pragmatic one?
4. How can lawsuits or egalitarianism (the boss rolling up his/her sleeves and working alongside employees) be corrupt practices?
5. In what ways might the author’s view be too much of an “inside the circle” perspective?
6. Hooker writes: “Whereas Western cultures are primarily rule-based, most of the world’s cultures are relationship based. Western business people trust the system, while people elsewhere trust their friends and family.” What if we invert this, and ask not how their sense of business is shaped by their sense of family, but how our sense of family is shaped by our sense of business. What do we then look like?

After reading Seth Holmes's article “Oaxacans Like to Work Bent Over", please briefly answer the following questions:

1. Why do laborers illegally enter the US to do backbreaking work of this sort? 2. What social forces push them, and pull them? Why do the farmers not hire US citizens as workers?
2. Paul Farmer defines structural violence as "violence exerted systematically--that is, indirectly--by everyone who belongs to a certain social order." What is the "certain social order" causing structural violence in this case?
3. Beyond the farm management that Holmes mentions, who is indirectly causing the suffering of the migrant farmworkers in this account? Do these people mean to cause suffering? How much responsibility should they take?
4. Why don't most people know, or think about, the human story behind our food?
5. How do ideas about race shape structural violence?