Full Answer Section

• Risk Factors:
  • Increased risk of blood clots in some women, especially smokers.  
  • May slightly increase the risk of certain types of cancer (e.g., breast cancer).  

2. Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARCs): * Examples: Intrauterine Devices (IUDs), Implants  

• Advantages:
  • Highly effective and long-lasting (IUDs can last for 3-10 years, implants for 3-5 years).  
  • Do not require daily action.
  • Can be removed at any time to restore fertility.  
• Disadvantages:
  • Potential for side effects like irregular bleeding or spotting, especially in the first few months.  
  • IUD insertion can be uncomfortable.  
• Risk Factors:
  • Slight risk of uterine perforation during insertion.
  • IUDs may increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) if inserted shortly after an STI.  

3. Barrier Methods (e.g., Condoms)

• Advantages:
  • Highly effective at preventing pregnancy when used correctly and consistently.  
  • The only method that provides protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
  • Readily available and relatively inexpensive.
• Disadvantages:
  • Require correct and consistent use, which can be challenging.
  • May reduce spontaneity.
  • Male condoms may not be as effective if not used properly.
• Risk Factors:
  • Condom breakage or slippage can increase the risk of pregnancy and STI transmission.

Sample Answer

1. Hormonal Contraception (e.g., Birth Control Pills)  

• Advantages:
  • Highly effective when used correctly and consistently.  
  • Can regulate menstrual cycles and reduce menstrual cramps.  
  • May offer some protection against certain types of cancer (e.g., ovarian, endometrial).  
  • Some forms can improve acne.  
• Disadvantages:
  • Requires daily adherence (for pills).  
  • Can have side effects like mood changes, weight fluctuations, and breast tenderness.  
  • May not be suitable for everyone due to certain health conditions (e.g., history of blood clots).