Catholicism

In your readings from the Catechism of the Catholic Church and the Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church you gleaned a better understanding of the what the Catholic Church’s teachings are on specific theological topics.

You will now use the information gleaned in the text to delineate the teachings listed below in a concise manner:

Catholic Understanding of God as Trinity
Salvation is Achieved through the Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ
Eschatology – Death and the Afterlife
Freedom
Virtues
Sin

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Catholic Teachings:

1. Catholic Understanding of God as Trinity:

  • There is one God who exists as three distinct persons: Father, Son (Jesus Christ), and Holy Spirit.
  • These three persons are not separate gods, but one God in essence or nature.
  • Each person has a distinct relationship to the others: the Father eternally generates the Son, and the Father and the Son eternally breathe forth the Holy Spirit.
  • This is a mystery beyond full human comprehension, but revealed by God.

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Salvation is Achieved through the Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ:

  • Salvation is God’s work of freeing humanity from sin and its consequences.
  • This is accomplished through the Paschal Mystery, which includes Jesus’ life, ministry, death on the cross, resurrection, and ascension.
  • By his sacrifice, Jesus redeems humanity and restores the broken relationship with God.
  • We participate in salvation through faith, sacraments, and good works.
  1. Eschatology – Death and the Afterlife:
  • Death is the separation of the soul from the body.
  • After death, all people face a particular judgment by God.
  • The just (those in right relationship with God) experience eternal life in heaven, a state of perfect happiness and union with God.
  • Those who die in unrepented sin experience eternal separation from God, often referred to as hell.
  1. Freedom:
  • Humans are created with free will, the ability to choose good or evil.
  • True freedom is found in choosing God and aligning our will with his.
  • Freedom is not absolute; it is limited by our fallen nature and consequences of sin.
  1. Virtues:
  • Virtues are good habits that dispose us to act in accordance with God’s will.
  • There are three theological virtues: faith, hope, and charity (love).
  • There are also four cardinal virtues: prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance.
  • Virtues are developed through prayer, good works, and the sacraments.
  1. Sin:
  • Sin is any offense against God’s law.
  • There are two main categories: mortal sin (serious offense that breaks our relationship with God) and venial sin (less serious offense that weakens our relationship with God).
  • Sin separates us from God’s grace and ultimately leads to death, both physical and spiritual.
  • Forgiveness of sin is possible through repentance and the sacrament of reconciliation.

 

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