Changing Signs of Truth (Downing, 2012)
Preface: Preface to the Problem
Introduction: Introduction to the Solution
Chapter 4: Under Signs
Chapter 6: Signs of Deconstruction
In Chapter 4 of Changing Signs of Truth, Downing (2012) wrote:

Saussure, as we have seen, believed that under signs was a system of differences (
langue) that controls each speech act (
parole). In fact, he asserted that ‘in language there are only differences… The idea or the phonic substance that a sign contains is of less importance than the other signs that surround it.’ (p. 114)
In four to five paragraphs, respond to the following:

Provide a definition of the terms sign, langue, parole, signifier, signified, and structuralism.
How is meaning achieved for the structuralist?
What is deconstructionism, and how does it relate to structuralism?
How is meaning achieved for the deconstructionist?
Support your statements with evidence from the Required Studies and your research.