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Bowman’s capsule

Match the part of the nephron that is most closely described by the following statements.

Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Peritubular capillaries
Glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule (Glomerular capsule)
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle (Nephron Loop)
Collecting duct

___ Section of the renal tubule where the majority of reabsorption of glucose takes place

___ Section of the renal tubule primarily responsible for establishing the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla

___ Section of the renal tubule where NaCl concentration is monitored by macula densa

___ Supported by podocytes so that structural damage from elevated pressure and high filtration rates can be avoided

___ Dilation or constriction of this vessel is primarily responsible for regulating the rate of filtration

Match the reproductive structure that is most closely described by the following statements.

Greater vestibular gland
Testis
Uterine tube
Ductus deferens
Seminal vesicle
Uterus
Bulbourethral gland
Ovary
Epididymis

___ Site of fertilization

___ Structure that produces pre-ejaculate, which lubricates the male urethra and neutralizes residual urine

___ Mature sperm is stored in this structure

___ The female gonad

___ Site of oocyte development

Full Answer Section

Statement	Part of the nephron
A small blood vessel that brings blood to the glomerulus	Afferent arteriole
A small blood vessel that takes blood away from the glomerulus	Efferent arteriole
A network of capillaries that surrounds the tubules of the nephron	Peritubular capillaries
A cluster of capillaries that filter blood to form urine	Glomerulus
A cup-shaped sac that surrounds the glomerulus	Bowman's capsule
The first part of the nephron tubule, where most of the reabsorption of nutrients and water takes place	Proximal convoluted tubule
The second part of the nephron tubule, where further reabsorption of water and electrolytes takes place	Distal convoluted tubule
A U-shaped loop of the nephron tubule, where water and electrolytes are further concentrated or diluted	Loop of Henle
The final part of the nephron tubule, where urine is collected before it is excreted	Collecting duct

Here is a brief explanation of each part of the nephron:

Afferent arteriole: The afferent arteriole is a small blood vessel that brings blood to the glomerulus. The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries that filter blood to form urine.
Efferent arteriole: The efferent arteriole is a small blood vessel that takes blood away from the glomerulus. The efferent arteriole is narrower than the afferent arteriole, which helps to maintain the pressure in the glomerulus and ensure that enough blood is filtered.
Peritubular capillaries: The perirenal capillaries are a network of capillaries that surround the tubules of the nephron. The perirenal capillaries reabsorb nutrients and water from the tubules and return them to the bloodstream.
Glomerulus: The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries that filter blood to form urine. The glomerulus is surrounded by Bowman's capsule, which is a cup-shaped sac that collects the filtered fluid.
Bowman's capsule: Bowman's capsule is a cup-shaped sac that surrounds the glomerulus. Bowman's capsule collects the filtered fluid from the glomerulus and channels it into the proximal convoluted tubule.
Proximal convoluted tubule: The proximal convoluted tubule is the first part of the nephron tubule. The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs most of the nutrients and water that were filtered from the blood in the glomerulus.
Distal convoluted tubule: The distal convoluted tubule is the second part of the nephron tubule. The distal convoluted tubule reabsorbs further water and electrolytes from the filtered fluid.
Loop of Henle: The loop of Henle is a U-shaped loop of the nephron tubule. The loop of Henle helps to concentrate or dilute the urine.
Collecting duct: The collecting duct is the final part of the nephron tubule. The collecting duct collects the urine from the distal convoluted tubules and transports it to the bladder.

Sample Answer

StatementPart of the nephronA small blood vessel that brings blood to the glomerulusAfferent arterioleA small blood vessel that takes blood away from the glomerulusEfferent arterioleA network of capillaries that surrounds the tubules of the nephronPeritubular capillariesA cluster of capillaries that filter blood to form urineGlomerulusA cup-shaped sac that surrounds the glomerulusBowman's capsuleThe first part of the nephron tubule, where most of the reabsorption of nutrients and water takes placeProximal convoluted tubuleThe second part of the nephron tubule, where further reabsorption of water and electrolytes takes placeDistal convoluted tubuleA U-shaped loop of the nephron tubule, where water and electrolytes are further concentrated or dilutedLoop of Henle