The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences defines endocrine disruptors as chemicals that can interfere with or affect the functioning of the hormones within the endocrine system. These chemicals can thus disrupt the normal functioning of reproduction, growth, and development of body tissues as well as cause other health problems.For this discussion, pick an endocrine disruptor as the focus of your discussion. Try to pick one that is unique from your peers.Discuss where this endocrine disruptor is found and explain how the human body is exposed to this type of disruptor.Explain the impact of this endocrine disruptor on the endocrine system, including the hormone and glands involved.Compare this to the normal functioning of the hormone and glands.Discuss the short-term versus the long-term exposure to this type of disruptor on the body and any health consequences that can result from it.
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Anatomy & Physiology
Full Answer Section
Exposure Routes:- Ingestion: Consuming food or beverages from BPA-containing containers can cause leaching of BPA into the food or drink.
- Dermal: Contact with thermal receipts or handling BPA-containing plastics can lead to dermal absorption.
Impact on Endocrine System:
BPA can mimic the effects of the sex hormone estrogen. It binds to estrogen receptors in various tissues, disrupting the natural hormonal balance.
- Hormone: Estrogen
- Glands: Primarily ovaries (females) and testes (males)
Normal Functioning:
- Estrogen plays a crucial role in female sexual development and function, including regulating the menstrual cycle and fertility.
- In males, estrogen contributes to sperm production and bone health.
Effects of BPA Exposure:
- Short-term: BPA exposure has been linked to metabolic disruptions, such as changes in blood sugar control (Tian et al., 2019).
- Long-term: Potential health consequences include increased risk of certain cancers (breast, prostate), metabolic disorders (diabetes, obesity), and developmental problems in children (Rochester, 2013).
Sample Answer
For this discussion, we'll focus on Bisphenol A (BPA), a common endocrine disruptor found in many everyday products.
Sources of Exposure:
- Food packaging: Linings of metal food cans, plastic containers, and lids (Hajszan et al., 2008).
- Thermal receipts: BPA is used in the coating of thermal paper used in cash register receipts (Vandenberg et al., 2007).
- Certain plastics: Polycarbonate plastics used in water bottles, baby bottles, and some medical devices may contain BPA (Rochester, 2013).
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