Full Answer Section

Speaker Notes

Good morning/afternoon/evening everyone. Today, I will be presenting on the use of medication over objection in the field of psychiatry. This is a complex and ethically charged topic, and I will be exploring the research surrounding it.

Slide 2

Clinical Issue of Interest

• Medication Over Objection (MOO) in Psychiatry
• Definition: Administration of psychiatric medication to a patient who refuses or lacks capacity to consent.

Speaker Notes Medication is a crucial part of treatment for many mental health conditions. However, there are situations where patients may refuse medication, either due to lack of capacity or personal objections. This presentation will delve into the research on MOO in psychiatry.

Slide 3

Developing a PICO(T) Question

• P: Population: Adults with severe mental illness (SMI)
• I: Intervention: Use of medication over objection
• C: Comparison: Treatment as usual (without MOO)
• O: Outcome: Improvement in symptoms and reduction in risk of harm
• T: Timeframe: 6 months

Speaker Notes A PICO(T) question helps focus a research search. This PICO(T) question asks: Is the use of medication over objection in adults with SMI more effective than treatment as usual in improving symptoms and reducing risk of harm within a 6-month timeframe?

Slide 4

Research Databases

• I searched four relevant research databases for peer-reviewed articles:
  • PubMed Central (PMC)
  • PsycINFO
  • CINAHL
  • Cochrane Library

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Speaker Notes These databases are known for their high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles in the field of medicine and health sciences, including psychiatry.

Slide 5

Peer-Reviewed Articles

• Article 1 (Systematic Review)
  • Title: The Effectiveness of Medication Over Objection for Adults with Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Review (2022) by Wang et al.
  • Level of Evidence: Systematic Review (Highest Level)
• Article 2 (Randomized Controlled Trial)
  • Title: A Randomized Trial of Medication Over Objection for Patients with Psychosis (2020) by Joo et al.
  • Level of Evidence: Randomized Controlled Trial (High Level)
• Article 3 (Cohort Study)
  • Title: Long-Term Outcomes of Medication Over Objection in Schizophrenia (2019) by Patel et al.
  • Level of Evidence: Cohort Study (Moderate Level)
• Article 4 (Case Study)
  • Title: Ethical Considerations in Medication Over Objection: A Case Study (2018) by Smith et al.
  • Level of Evidence: Case Study (Low Level)

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Speaker Notes I found four relevant peer-reviewed articles. The first article is a systematic review, which is the highest level of evidence in research. It summarizes the findings of multiple studies on MOO. The second article is a randomized controlled trial (RCT), which is another strong research design. The third article is a cohort study, which provides good evidence but not as strong as an RCT. The last article is a case study, which provides limited generalizability but can offer valuable insights into individual experiences.

Strength of Systematic Reviews Systematic reviews are valuable because they analyze the results of multiple studies, providing a more comprehensive picture of the evidence on a particular topic.

Slide 6

Conclusion

• Research on MOO is ongoing, but there is some evidence that it can be effective in improving symptoms and reducing risk of harm in adults with SMI.
• Ethical considerations are paramount when using MOO, and it should only be used as a last resort after all other treatment options have been explored.