• Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs): The research on the effectiveness of BCAA supplements for improving athletic performance is mixed. While they may offer some benefits, they are not a magic bullet and a well-balanced diet is crucial for athletes.

Weight Loss Program Analysis:

• Weight Watchers: This program focuses on portion control and a points system that assigns values to different foods based on calories, fat, and fiber content. It encourages a balanced diet with a focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. While some may consider it restrictive, Weight Watchers generally promotes a sustainable and healthy approach to weight loss, making it less likely to be classified as a fad diet (see Chapter 7, Table NP7-1, page 193 of your textbook).

Types of Diabetes:

• Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune disease where the body attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This results in a complete or near-complete lack of insulin production, leading to high blood sugar levels. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin injections to manage their blood sugar.
• Type 2 Diabetes: The most common type of diabetes. It occurs when the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or becomes resistant to its effects. This leads to high blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes can often be managed through lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, but some individuals may also require medication.
• Gestational Diabetes: A form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. While it usually resolves after childbirth, it can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life for both mother and baby. Gestational diabetes is typically managed through diet and exercise, but in some cases, medication may be necessary.